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2008年4月4日星期五
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Nankai University
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Nankai University
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Nankai University (simplified Chinese: 南开大学; traditional Chinese: 南開大學; pinyin: Nánkāi Dàxué) is a public university in Tianjin, P.R. China. It is among the most famous universities in China.
Founded in 1919 by renowned patriotic educationist Zhang Boling (1876-1951) and Yan Fansun (1860-1920), Nankai University is a member of the Nankai serial schools. It is the alma mater of former Chinese Premier and key historical figure Zhou Enlai.
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[edit] History
Founded as a private institution, Nankai's scale was relatively small at its inception partly because it received no funding from the government, with only 3 departments (liberal arts, science, and business) and 96 students. It was noted particularly for its courses which were taught in full English using foreign curriculum and textbooks. By 1937, Nankai had expanded into a university of 3 colleges, 13 departments, and 2 research institutes, and boasted 429 students and 110 faculty and staff members. It was compared to be "The North Star of Higher Learning". In accordance with its motto of "Dedication to the public interests, acquisition of all-round capability and aspiration for progress with each passing day", the University has produced batches of prominent talents such as late Premier Zhou Enlai, Dr. Shiing-Shen Chern, Dr. Ta-You Wu and Mr. Cao Yu. The well-known Nankai Institute of Economics was established in 1927 and soon became one of the most prominent in China being the first non-foreign entity to calculate a Chinese Consumer Price Index.
In July 1937, during the Sino-Japanese War, Nankai campus was severely damaged by Japanese bombings. About two-thirds of the school buildings were destroyed including its library which was deliberately burnt down by the Japanese Imperial Army. A number of the school's artifacts, including the university bell were looted and remains in Japanese museums till this day. In August 1937, Nankai University, Peking University and Tsinghua University united together and formed the National Changsha Provisional University, which later moved to Kunming and renamed as the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, after the war, Nankai returned to Tianjin and became a national university. At that time, Nankai had four schools (Liberal Arts, Science, Political Science and Economics, and Engineering) and 16 departments.
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Nankai was readjusted and became a comprehensive university with emphasis on the arts and sciences.
[edit] Present
A key multidisciplinary university directly under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University has long been given much attention by the central government. Nankai University is considered a comprehensive university with a complete curriculum that includes the humanities, natural sciences, technology, life sciences, medical sciences and the arts. The University believes in the equal importance of the sciences and the liberal arts, laying a strong foundation with practical and creative characteristics. Nankai University has a well-balanced faculty team in age and specialties, being equipped with excellent academic capability and creative spirit.
Nankai, as of the end of 2006, has 18 colleges and schools, and offers 71 bachelor's degree programs, 206 master's degree programs, and 117 Ph.D. programs. Nankai's mathematics, chemistry, history, business and economics programs are among the best in China. The total enrollment stood at approximately 12,000 undergraduate students and 9000 graduate students. Nowadays, Nankai is among the top ten universities in China.
Nankai University has broad international communications by establishing exchanging and collaborative relationships with more than 200 universities and academic institutions. Nobel Laureates Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee, Samuel Chao Chung Ting, Robert A. Mundell, and Reinhard Selten as well as former President of Korea Kim Dae Jung and former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger were all conferred Honorary Professors of Nankai University. Many other world-known scholars and entrepreneurs have been invited as Visiting Professors of Nankai University. Nankai University, attracting a large number of talented Mathematicians known home and abroad, has thus become one of the most famous mathematician centers in the world.
[edit] Presidents
- Zhang Boling: 1876-1951
- He Lian(Acting): 1948-1957
- Yang Shixian: 1957-1969, 1979-1981
- Zang Boping: 1978
- Teng Weizao: 1981-1986
- Mu Guoguang: 1986-1995
- Hou Zixin: 1995-2006
- Rao Zihe: 2006-
[edit] Famous alumni
- Zhou, Enlai,first and most respected Premier of the People's Republic of China
- Chern, Shiing-Shen,Leading differential geometers of 20th century
- Wu, Ta-You, Former President of the Academia Sinica, Republic of China
- Cao, Yu,China's most important playwright of 20th century
- Yang,Cheng Ning, Nobel Prize Laureate in physics
- Liu, Tungsheng, Tyler Laureate, Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement
- Fan, Zeng, artist and calligrapher.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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